Naphtha, any mixture of highly flammable volatile liquid hydrocarbons, is mainly used as solvents, diluents and as raw materials for conversion into gasoline. In modern usage, the word naphtha is usually accompanied by a distinct prefix. Coal tar naphtha is a volatile commercial product obtained by distilling coal tar. Shale naphtha is obtained by distilling oil obtained from oil shale by destructive distillation. Petroleum naphtha is a name used primarily for petroleum distillates that contain mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons and boil higher than gasoline and lower than kerosene.